ABSTRACT
Background: intracellular calcium and proton concentrations are important factors for activating human sperm. Calcium ion [Ca2+] enters sperm through voltagedependent calcium channel of sperm [CatSper]. Proton was extruded from sperm through voltage-gated proton channel [Hv1]. In the present study, the selective inhibitors of the CatSper and Hv1 channels, NNC 55-0396 [NNC] and zinc ion, respectively, were used to investigate functions of these channels
Methods: normal semen samples [n=24] were washed and diluted to 20×106 sperm/ ml. The diluted sample was divided into 8 groups, containing Ham's F-10 [the control group], 2 microM NNC, 1 mM ZnCl2 and NNC+Zn. The other 4 groups were the same as above, except that they contained 1 microM progesterone. The computer assisted analysis was done by VT-Sperm 3.1 to determine the percentage of motile sperm and sperm velocity. Acrosomal status was monitored by FITC-PSA and viability assessed by Eosin-Y staining. Statistical comparisons were made using ANOVA followed by Tukey post hoc test. The p<0.05 was considered significant
Results: the percentage of viable and motile sperm, curvilinear velocity and other parameters of motility was reduced in all groups containing NNC, zinc and NNC+ zinc. Progesterone-induced acrosome reaction was abolished by each of these inhibitors. The combination effect of NNC plus zinc on motility and progesterone-induced acrosome reaction was not stronger than NNC by itself
Conclusion: catsper and Hv1 channels play a critical role in human sperm function and viability. It seems that a functional relationship exists between CatSper and Hv1 channels
ABSTRACT
Background: Human papilloma virus [HPV] is one of the major public health problems and the main causes of cervical cancer. The prevalence HPV infection in developing countries with low financial resources is high
Objective: This study aimed to determine the relative frequency of HPV genotypes and its sociodemographic characteristics in women referred to a general hospital in Tehran, Iran from 2014-2015
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed in 400 women with Pap smear samples, referring to to a general hospital in Tehran, Iran from 2014- 2015. The detection of 28 HPV genotypes was performed by using the Multiplex PCR technique. The sociodemographic survey was conducted for each HPV positive woman
Results: HPV-positive infection was detected in 155 [38.75%] women aged 17-85 years. HPV 16 [19.1%] was the most prevalent type, followed by HPV 39 [12.5%] and HPV 18 [8.9%]. The highest rate of HPV infection was observed at the age of 36 years [7.7%]. The level of education and economic situation of each woman were showed most of HPV-positive women had a high school diploma [34.6%] and average economic situation [67,9%]. 60.9% of these women were a housewife, and 67.3% lived in the capital
Conclusion: Determination of HPV genotype and risk factor related to HPV infection in each geographical region can lead to the production of effective vaccines against the HPV virus. It can also be useful for disease management and high sensitivity diagnosis of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia
ABSTRACT
Background: The mechanism of hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction [HPV] is still debatable. It has been proposed that reactive oxygen species [ROS] might be involved in HPV. However, there is no special transporter for superoxide anion in the cell membrane and it may release from the cells via anion exchanger. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the interaction of ROS and anion exchanger in acute HPV
Methods: The present study was performed in the isolated rabbit lung. After preparation, the lungs were divided into four hypoxic groups of control, Trolox [antioxidant]-treated, 4,4'-diisothiocyanatostilbene-2,2'-disulfonic acid [DIDS, anion exchanger inhibitor]-treated, and Trolox+DIDS-treated. Pulmonary artery pressure, left atrial pressure, and lung weight were continuously registered and PVR was then calculated. PO[2], PCO[2], HCO[3] -, pH, and NO metabolites of the perfusate were measured during steady-state and at the end of experiments [30 minutes]. All data were compared with ANOVA and t-test and significance was considered when P<0.05
Results: Ventilation of the lungs with hypoxic gas induced HPV in the control group. DIDS did not have a further effect on HPV compared with the control group. The combination of Trolox and DIDS decreased HPV rather than Trolox per se at 5 minutes. Furthermore, HPV was abolished in both the Trolox and Trolox+DIDS groups at 30 minutes. Concentrations of NO metabolites in the Trolox+DIDS group were more than other groups
Conclusion: The present study indicates a possible interaction between ROS and anion exchanger in acute HPV. It also suggests the modulatory effect of NO at above condition
ABSTRACT
Psychological disorders are universally common problems. Social support contributes much to the health of individuals. Focusing upon social support and upon vicissitudes of life can help prevent the depression-induced disorders. The present paper investigated the relationship between perceived social support, depression and perceived stress in university students.The descriptive-analytical study was carried out on 390 students living in Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sceince campus, whom were selected based on a simple random selection method. The related questionnaires of multidimensional scales of perceived social support, Beck's depression, and perceived stress then were distributed during midterm among students to collect the necessary data. Data was fed into SPSS 16 and analysed using ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient, independent t-test, Chi-square, and Fisher exact test.Our results indicated that 49.7 per cent of students suffered from specific degrees of depression. 30.5 per cent of students had given educational progress and employment as sources of stress in living in the campus. The perceived social support scores were 28.32+/-9.56, depression, 12.10+/-9.02, and for perceived stress was 26.84+/-8.27. A significant relationship was shown to be between perceived social support, depression, and perceived stress [p<0.001] The conclusion made in the paper is that considering depression and stress is crucial to the health of the students. Also, forming workgroups to increase social support for students can help alleviates depression and stress in university students
ABSTRACT
Regular physical activity has a positive effect on physical, mental, and social aspects of individual and community health. Regarding prevalence of non-communicable diseases such as primary hypertension, osteoporosis, and cardiovascular diseases that sedentary is responsible for them; health policy makers plan to encourage people to do more physical activity. In this study, knowledge, attitude and practice towards physical activity and its related factors of students living on campus at Shahid Beheshti university of medical science were determined.In this descriptive analytic survey, 665 individuals college students living on campus at Shahid Beheshti university of medical science were selected by clustering sampling method. Data collected using questionnaires and analyzed by SPSS16 software.54.9% of the subjects were female and 45.1% male. Mean age of participants was 21.82 years for female and 22.76 years for male. Mean scores of knowledge was 73+/-1.72 for male and 78.90 +/-1.66 for female. In addition mean scores of attitude was 79.18 for male and 74.33 for female and mean scores of practice was 228.78 minute per week for male and 174.41minute per week for female.Results indicated that students had no optimal practice towards physical activity. Thus, more attention is necessary to be paid by authorities to this specific topic and some measures are essential in training students